Hedysari Radix Polysaccharide Regulates Apoptosis of Smooth Muscle Cells in Gastric Antrum of Rat Model of Diabetic Gastroparesis via IGF-1/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Hedysari Radix polysaccharide on the apoptosis of gastric sinus smooth muscle cells and explore the underlying mechanism via the insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1）/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/serine-threonine kinase （Akt） pathway in the rat model of diabetic gastroparesis （DGP）. MethodSixty-two Wistar male rats were randomized into a blank group （n=12） and a modelling group （n=50）. The rat model of DGP was established by small-dose multiple intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin combined with an irregular high-fat and high-sugar diet for 4 weeks. The modeled rats were randomized into model group， mosapride citrate （1.35 mg·kg-1）， and high-， medium-， and low-dose （200， 100， and 50 mg·kg-1， respectively） Hedysari Radix polysaccharide groups. The rats were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage， and those in the blank and model groups with equal volumes of pure water by gavage once a day for 8 consecutive weeks. The random blood glucose and body mass were measured every 2 weeks， and gastric emptying rate was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes of smooth muscle in gastric antrum， and terminal deoxynucleoitidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling （TUNEL） was employed to detect the apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in the gastric antrum. The expression of IGF-1， phosphorylated （p）-PI3K， and p-Akt in the smooth muscle of gastric sinus tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of IGF-1， p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in the smooth muscle of the gastric antrum. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group showed elevated random blood glucose at all time points （P<0.01）， decreased body mass and gastric emptying rate （P<0.01）， increased apoptotic index of smooth muscle cells in the gastric antrum （P<0.01）， down-regulated protein levels of IGF-1， p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt， and Bcl-2， and up-regulated protein level of Bax （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the 8 weeks of drug administration lowered the random blood glucose， increased the body mass and gastric emptying rate （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decreased the apoptotic index of smooth muscle cells in the gastric antrum （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated the protein levels of IGF-1， p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt， and Bcl-2， and down-regulated the protein level of Bax （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the mosapride citrate group，the administration of low-dose Hedysari Radix polysaccharide for 6 and 8 weeks lowered the random blood glucose and decreased the body mass （P<0.05， P<0.01），low and medium-dose Hedysari Radix polysaccharide decreased the gastric emptying rate and the apoptotic index of smooth muscle cells in the astragaloside low-dose group decreased （P<0.05）. The protein levels of IGF-1，p-PI3K/PI3K，p-Akt/Akt and Bcl-2（low dose）were down-regulated and the protein level of Bax was up-regulated by low doses of Hedysari Radix polysaccharide （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with high-dose Hedysari Radix polysaccharide， low-dose Hedysari Radix polysaccharide elevated random blood glucose and reduced body mass after 6 and 8 weeks of administration （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the low and medium doses decreased the gastric emptying rate， increased the apoptotic index of smooth muscle cells in the gastric antrum （P<0.05， P<0.01）， down-regulated the protein levels of IGF-1， p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt， and Bcl-2， and up-regulated the protein level of Bax （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the medium-dose group，the low-dose group of Hedysari Radix polysaccharide had lower body mass，lower gastric emptying rate in rats，higher apoptotic index of smooth muscle cells in gastric sinus tissue after 6 and 8 weeks of administration （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and lower protein expression of IGF-1，p-PI3K/PI3K，p-Akt/Akt. ConclusionHedysari Radix polysaccharide protects the smooth muscle cells in gastric antrum against apoptotic injury and promotes gastric motility by activating the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， as manifested by the up-regulated expression of IGF-1， p-PI3K， p-Akt， and Bcl-2 and down-regulated expression of Bax.

Reinforcing the valuable role of gastric ultrasound for volume and content assessment: an observational study

Abstract Background Pulmonary aspiration is one of the most important complications in anesthesiology. Assessment of gastric content by ultrasound is a good method to quantify gastric volume and to determine the risk of intraoperative pulmonary aspiration. The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of the gastric ultrasonography in the qualitative analysis of gastric content, mainly in the analysis of small amounts of liquid content. Methods Gastric ultrasound was performed to 36 patients before upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGI), making two longitudinal scans at the epigastric level, one in supine position and the other in right lateral decubitus position, measuring two diameters and the area of the gastric antrum and assessing the content characteristics determining whether it was an empty stomach or contained fluid or solid content. Subsequently, the ultrasound findings were compared with UGI findings. Results Gastric areas were analyzed by the trace and the lengths of the craniocaudal and anteroposterior axes concluding that there are no significant differences between the two methods. No statistically significant difference was found between UGI and US assessment technics. No statistically significant difference was found between the estimated volume by UGI and US. Conclusions Though our study has some limitations, qualitative analysis of gastric content using ultrasound followed by endoscopy enabled the conclusion that there are no differences in the qualitative assessment regarding these two techniques, supporting the important role of point-of-care gastric ultrasound (POCGUS) in the assessment of pulmonary aspiration risk by the anesthesiologist in the perioperative period.

Is pre-oxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygen safe? randomized control trial of 56 cases of elderly patients during induction of general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the safety of preoxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygenation in elderly patients during induction of general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.@*METHODS@#Fifty-six elderly patients without difficult airway were randomized equally into high-flow nasal oxygen group (HF group) and conventional mask oxygen group (M group). Preoxygenation was performed for 5 min before induction of general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation. Oxygenation was maintained during laryngoscopy in HF group, and ventilation lasted until laryngoscopy in M group. For all the patients, the general data, cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastric antrum measured by ultrasonography, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (cSO2) were recorded before preoxygenation (T1), at 5 min of preoxygenation (T2) and immediately after intubation (T3). The safety time of asphyxia, intubation time, times of mask ventilation and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The general data were comparable between the two groups. After 5 min of preoxygenation, PaO2 and cSO2 were significantly increased in both groups, and PaO2 was significantly higher in HF group than in M group (F=118.108 vs 9.511, P < 0.05). Both PaO2 and cSO2 decreased after intubation, but PaO2 decreased more slowly in HF group and still remained higher than that at T1; cSO2 decreased significantly in M group to a lower level than that at T1. Compared with those in M group, the patients in HF group showed a significantly longer safety time of asphyxia (t=5.305, P < 0.05) with fewer times of mask ventilation (χ2= 6.720, P < 0.05). PaCO2 increased after intubation in both groups but was comparable between the two groups (F=3.138, P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#High-flow nasal oxygen is safe, simple and effective for pre-oxygenation, which, as compared with the conventional oxygen mask, improves arterial oxygen partial pressure and prolongs the safety time of asphyxia to ensure the safety of airway management during induction of general anesthesia in elderly patients with endotracheal intubation.

Ultrasound assessment of gastric antrum in term pregnant women before elective cesarean section / Ultrassom de antro gástrico em gestantes a termo antes de cesariana eletiva

Abstract Background and objectives: Pregnant women are considered patients at risk for pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents. The study aim was to evaluate the gastric antral cross-sectional area using ultrasound. Method: In this prospective study, 85 scheduled term pregnant women underwent gastric ultrasound. The outcomes were the measurement of the gastric antral cross-sectional area (main outcome), the estimated gastric volume, the incidence of pregnant women at risk for pulmonary aspiration, and the association between gastric antral cross-sectional area and clinical-demographic characteristics. Gastric antral cross-sectional area and gastric volume were compared according to body mass index <30 or ≥30. Results: The median (IIQ) for gastric antral cross-sectional area was 4 cm2 (2.8-6.3), for the estimated gastric volume it was 49.8 mL (33.7-87.2), and for the gastric volume estimated in mL.kg-1 it was 0.62 mL.kg-1 (0.39-0.95). The 95th percentile [95% confidence interval (CI)] of the gastric antral cross-sectional area and the estimated gastric volume were ≤10.3 cm2 (95% CI: 7.6-15.6) and 1.42 mL.kg-1 (95% CI: 1.20-2.64), respectively. The incidence of pregnant women at risk for pulmonary aspiration was 3.5% (CI: 3.5 (1.2-9.8)). There was a positive correlation between gastric antral cross-sectional area and weight, p < 0.001 and body mass index <0.001. Patients with a body mass index ≥30 had a gastric antral cross-sectional area and an estimated gastric volume greater than those with a body mass index <30, respectively, p < 0.01 and p < 0.02. Conclusion: Measuring the gastric antral cross-sectional area of pregnant women is feasible and easy. There was positive correlation between gastric antral cross-sectional area, body weight and body mass index. The estimation of gastric volume by measuring the gastric antral cross-sectional area can identify patients at risk for pulmonary aspiration. Obese patients had a gastric antral cross-sectional area and an estimated gastric volume greater than non-obese patients.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: As gestantes são consideradas pacientes de risco para aspiração pulmonar do conteúdo gástrico. O objetivo foi avaliar a área transversal do antro gástrico por meio de ultrassonografia. Método: Neste estudo prospectivo, 85 gestantes a termo agendadas foram submetidas à ultrassonografia do antro gástrico. Os desfechos foram a mensuração da área transversal do antro gástrico (desfecho principal), a estimativa do volume gástrico, a incidência de gestantes sob risco de aspiração pulmonar, a associação entre a área transversal do antro gástrico e características clínico-demográficas. A área transversal do antro gástrico e do volume gástrico foi comparada de acordo com o índice de massa corporal < 30 ou ≥ 30. Resultados: A mediana (IIQ) da área transversal do antro gástrico foi 4 cm2 (2,8-6,3), do volume gástrico estimado 49,8 mL (33,7-87,2) e do volume gástrico estimado em mL.kg-1 de 0,62 mL.kg-1 (0,39-0,95). O percentil 95 [intervalo de confiança (IC) 95%] da área transversal do antro gástrico e do volume gástrico estimado foi ≤ 10,3 cm2 (IC 95%: 7,6-15,6) e 1,42 mL.kg-1 (IC 95%: 1,20-2,64), respectivamente. A incidência de gestantes sob risco de aspiração pulmonar foi de 3,5% (IC: 3,5 (1,2-9,8). Houve correlação positiva entre a área transversal do antro gástrico e peso, p < 0,001 e índice de massa corporal p < 0,001. As pacientes com índice de massa corporal ≥ 30 apresentaram maior área transversal do antro gástrico, e do volume gástrico estimado, do que as com índice de massa corporal < 30, respectivamente p < 0,01 e p < 0,02. Conclusão: A mensuração da área transversal do antro gástrico de gestantes é factível e fácil. A área transversal do antro gástrico correlacionou-se positivamente com peso e índice de massa corporal. A estimativa do volume gástrico através da mensuração da área transversal do antro gástrico pode identificar pacientes sob risco de aspiração pulmonar. As pacientes obesas apresentaram área transversal do antro gástrico e volume gástrico estimado maior do que as não obesas.

Comparative study of different anastomosis methods in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To explore the value of different anastomosis methods in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.@*Methods@#From January 2014 to January 2016, 120 patients with distal gastric cancer in Weihai Central Hospital were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random digital table method, with 60 cases in each group.Triangular anastomosis was used in the observation group, while tubular anastomosis was used in the control group.The operative conditions, pain and complications were compared between the two groups.After 1-4 years of follow-up, the prognosis of the two groups was compared.@*Results@#Compared with the control group, the operation time of the observation group was shorter[(165.2±55.2)min vs.(188.2±59.3)min], the time of anastomosis was shorter[(22.6±8.1)min vs.(29.6±9.1)min], and the amount of bleeding was less[(88.6±29.2)mL vs.(107.5±49.1)mL], the differences were statistically significant (t=2.199, 4.451, 2.563, all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the VAS scores of 1d[(3.5±1.1)points vs.(5.2±1.9)points]and 3d[(1.9±0.7)points vs.(3.0±1.5)points] were lower in the observation group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.998, 5.148, all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). After 1-4 years of follow-up, the overall survival rates in the observation group and the control group were 72.0% and 66.0%, respectively, and the median survival time was 42.4 months and 42.9 months, respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in survival between the two groups (χ2=0.310, P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#The trigonometric anastomosis is reliable in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer, and it can shorten the time of anastomosis, reduce the amount of bleeding, and improve the postoperative pain of the patients.

Comparative study of different anastomosis methods in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the value of different anastomosis methods in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.Methods From January 2014 to January 2016,120 patients with distal gastric cancer in Weihai Central Hospital were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random digital table method,with 60 cases in each group.Triangular anastomosis was used in the observation group,while tubular anastomosis was used in the control group.The operative conditions,pain and complications were compared between the two groups.After 1-4 years of follow-up,the prognosis of the two groups was compared.Results Compared with the control group,the operation time of the observation group was shorter[(165.2 ± 55.2)min vs.(188.2 ± 59.3)min],the time of anastomosis was shorter[(22.6 ± 8.1) min vs.(29.6 ± 9.1) min],and the amount of bleeding was less [(88.6 ± 29.2) mL vs.(107.5 ± 49.1) mL],the differences were statistically significant (t =2.199,4.451,2.563,all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the VAS scores of 1d[(3.5 ± 1.1) points vs.(5.2 ± 1.9) points] and 3d [(1.9 ± 0.7) points vs.(3.0 ± 1.5) points] were lower in the observation group,and the differences were statistically significant (t =5.998,5.148,all P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).After 1-4 years of follow-up,the overall survival rates in the observation group and the control group were 72.0％ and 66.0％,respectively,and the median survival time was 42.4 months and 42.9 months,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in survival between the two groups (x2 =0.310,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The trigonometric anastomosis is reliable in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer,and it can shorten the time of anastomosis,reduce the amount of bleeding,and improve the postoperative pain of the patients.

Impact of Catgut Embedding Intervention on JAK 2-STAT 3 Signaling in Gastric Mucosa of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Rats / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To observe the impact of catgut embedding on histopathological changes and expression of phosphorylated-Janus kinase-2 (p-JAK 2), phosphorylated-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT 3), Cyclin D 1, Bcl-2, and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) of the gastric mucosa in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improving CAG. METHODS: Forty-one SD rats were randomly divided into normal (n＝12), model (n＝9), natural recovery (n＝10) and catgut embedding (n＝10) groups. The CAG model was established by free drinking of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine (MNNG) solution (100µg/mL) and irregular diet for 24 weeks. Catgut embedding was applied at bilateral "Zusanli" (ST 36), "Pishu" (BL 20) and "Zhongwan" (CV 12), once every 10 days, 6 times altogether. The histopathological changes of the gastric mucosa were observed by naked eye and light microscope after H．E. staining. Wes-tern blot was used to detect the expression of p-JAK 2, p-STAT 3, CyclinD 1, Bcl-2 and SOCS 3 proteins in the gastric antrum tissue. RESULTS: After modeling, the regional gastric tissue showed pale thinner gastric wall, and poorer elasticity with fewer plica, congestion of blood vessels, reduction of regional glands with necrosis and disordered arrangement as well as evident hyperplasia of the connective tissue, which was evidently milder in the catgut embedding group. Compared with the normal group, the expression levels of p-JAK 2, p-STAT 3, CyclinD 1, Bcl-2, SOCS 3 proteins were significantly up-regulated in both model group and natural recovery group (P0.05). After catgut embedding intervention, the expression levels of p-JAK 2, p-STAT 3, Cyclin D 1, Bcl-2 proteins were considerably down-regulated (P<0.01), and that of SOCS 3 protein was notably further increased relevant to the natural recovery group (P<0.01)．. CONCLUSION: Catgut embedding may improve pathological changes of gastric mucosa in CAG rats, which possibly associated with its effects in up-regulating gastric SOCS 3 protein expression and in inhibiting the activation of JAK 2-STAT 3 signaling pathway to reduce the expression of CyclinD 1 and Bcl-2 proteins.

A Direct Inhibitory Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Antral Circular Muscle Contractility of Guinea Pig

PURPOSE: Recent studies suggest new mechanisms of Botulinum toxin (BoNT) other than inhibiting acetylcholine (ACh) release from nerve terminals. The aim of this study was to determine whether other mechanisms for BoNT exist, so that it directly inhibits smooth muscle contraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Guinea pig antral muscle strips were studied in vitro after 2 hours of exposure to Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A). Contractile responses to electric field stimulation (EFS), high K+ (60 mM) and ACh (100 microM) were evaluated 24 and 48 hours after antral intramuscular injection of BoNT/A or vehicle. RESULTS: BoNT/A inhibited muscular contraction caused by high K+ and ACh. Contractile responses to low (1 & 4 Hz) and high (8 & 20 Hz) frequency EFS of antral muscle strips 24 and 48 hours after antral intramuscular injection of BoNT/A were significantly inhibited. CONCLUSION: The ability of BoNT/A to directly inhibit antral muscular contractility suggests a new mechanism for the pharmacologic actions of BoNT-direct inhibition of muscular contraction.

Inhibitory effect of Suaeda asparagoides (Miq.) extract on the motility of rat gastric antrum is mediated by beta-adrenoceptor / 한국실험동물학회지

Suaeda asparagoides (Miq.) has long been used as a Korean folk herbal medicine for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. However, reports on its pharmacological activity on gastrointestinal motility are scarce. The present study investigated the effects of Suaeda asparagoides water fraction of the extract (SAWF) on antral motility in vitro. Muscle strips from rat gastric antrum were set up in an organ bath in a circular orientation. SAWF (100 microg/mL) inhibited the spontaneous contraction of antral circular muscle strips. These inhibitory effects were not significantly affected by tetrodotoxin (1 microM), N omega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (100 microM), 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one (10 microM), ryanodine (10 microM) and phentolamine (10 microM). SAWF-induced inhibition was mostly restored by cyclopiazonic acid (10 microM). Furthermore, the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist, propranolol (10 microM), abolished SAWF-induced inhibition. These results suggest that SAWF may exert its activity on gastrointestinal smooth muscle via a-adrenergic receptors and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase.

The Change of Serum Gastrin and G-cell in Gastric Antrum in Rat Model of Spleen-Qi Deficiency and the Curative Effect of Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To explore the change of serum gastrin and G-cell in gastric antrum in rat model of spleen-qi deficiency and the curative effect of huangqi jianzhong decoction(HQJZD).[Methods]Spleen-qi deficiency syndrome was induced in rats by compound methods.After the models had been established,they were treated by different dosages of HQJZD.And at different time points,serum xylose,creatine phosphokinase,gastrin and G cells were observed.[Results]These indexes in groups of different dosages of HQJZD recovered gradually.Especially after 21 days' treatment,in groups of the middle and the high dosages,these indexes were increasing significantly when compared with those in the model control group(P

Effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on Gastrin Gene Expression in Spleen-qi Deficiency Rats / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To explore the effect of buzhong yiqi decoction(BZYQD) with various concentrations at different time points on gastrin(GAS) gene expression level in spleen-qi deficiency rats.Methods: The spleen-qi deficiency rats were randomly divided into the model control group and the low,medium and high dosage of BZYQD groups.Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to observe the effect of BZYQD on the GAS mRNA of gastric antrum in rats treated at different time points(7,14,21d).Results: As compared with that in model control group,the GAS gene expression level were significantly higher both in the medium and high dosage groups(P

Comparative Study on Serum Gastrin and G-cell in Gastric Antrum of Three Rat Models of Syndrome of Deficiency of Spleen-QI / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To make comparative study on serum gastrin(SG) and gastrin secretory cell(G-cell) in gastric antrum(GA) of three rat models of syndrome of deficiency of spleen-QI.Methods: Animals were randomly divided into four groups in terms of control group,rhubarb group,double factors group(combination of rhubarb method and swimming exhausting energy method) and triple factors group(combination of rhubarb method,swimming exhausting energy method and starvation method).The indexes such as Serum gastrin and G-cell in gastric antrum(GA) et al were detected.Results: Compared with control group,the variances of above-mentioned indexes in double factors group and triple factors group have statistical significance(P

Effect of Sijunzi decoction on gastrin gene expression in spleen-qi deficiency rats / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To explore the effect of Sijunzi decoction(SJZD) at different time points on gastrin(GAS) gene expression level in spleen-qi deficiency rats.Methods: Spleen-qi deficiency syndrome was induced in rats by compound methods which including rhubarb,exhaust and hunger.Spleen-qi deficiency rats were randomly divided into the model control group and SJZD group.Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was applied to observe the GAS mRNA of gastric antrum in rats treated by SJZD.Results: Serum gastrin and GAS mRNA were both decreasing significantly in the model control group.After being treated by SJZD,serum gastrin and GAS mRNA of spleen-qi deficiency rats began to recover.Especially,after 21 days' treatment,GAS mRNA and serum gastrin were both increasing significantly when compared with those in the model control group.Conclusion: The regulation on GAS mRNA is one of the mechanisms of SJZD for spleen-qi deficiency.

Effect of modified HuangqiJianzhong decoction on gastrin gene expression in spleen-qi deficiency rats / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To explore the effect of modified HuangqiJianzhong decoction(MHQJZD) with various concentrations at different time points on gastrin(GAS) gene expression level in spleen-qi deficiency rats.Methods: Spleen-qi deficiency syndrome was induced in rats by compound methods which including Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, exhausting and hunger.Spleen-qi deficiency rats were randomly divided into the model control group and the low,medium and high dosage of MHQJZD group.Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to observe the effect of MHQJZD on the GAS mRNA of gastric antrum in rats treated at different time points(7,14,21d).Results: As compared with that in model control group,the GAS gene expression level were both significantly higher in the medium and high dosage groups(P

EFFECTS OF HEROIN DEPENDENCE ON Gas,SS POSITIVE CELLS IN GASTRIC ANTRUM OF RATS / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the effects of heroin dependence on the gastrin(Gas),somatostatin(SS) positive cells in gastric antrum of rats and comprehend the possible functions of Gas,SS during heroin dependence. Methods Immunohistochemical SABC method and imagine analysis technique were employed. Results 1.Compared with the normal control group(NCG) and saline control group(SCG),the number of Gas positive cells increased(P

STUDY ON THE VARIATIONS OF G AND D CELLS IN GASTRIC ANTRUM AFTER H.PYLORI INFECTION / 解放军医学杂志

0 05). However, the gray of G cells were significantly enhanced( ?

CT Examination and Diagnosis of Gastric Antrum Cancer:A Report of 38 Cases / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To discuss CT techniques and features of gastric antrum canser.Methods The findings of gastric antrum cancer were analysed in 38 cases with the review of literature.Results The CT findings of gastric antrum cancer were thickening of gastric wall,formation of soft tissue tumour,narrowing of gastric antrum lacuna and in combination with ulcer.The duodenum and around stomach could be invaded by tumor.Conclusion The full view of gastric antrum carcinoma and its relation with adjacent organs can be distinctively showed by CT.

A Case of Antral and Duodenal Nonpolypoid Adenomas in a Patient with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominantly inherited colon cancer-predisposing disorder, characterized by the development of innumerable adenomas in the large intestine. Polyps are present in the upper gastrointestinal tract in almost all FAP patients and there is a peculiar predilection for adenomatous change in the duodenum. Colonic adenomas in FAP are commonly observed as polyps but nonpolypoid adenomas can also be seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Careful endoscopic examination is needed for detecting such nonpolypoid lesions. At present, the adenoma-carcinoma sequence is thought to exist also in the duodenum, and malignancy of the duodenum represents one of the most common causes of mortality among patients with FAP. Therefore, careful periodic follow-up of upper intestinal endoscopies are recommended in patients with this disease, in consideration to the possible development of duodenal nonpolypoid adenomatous lesions. A case involving an experience of antral and duodenal nonpolypoid adenomas in a patient with FAP is herein reported.

Comparative study on intestinal metaplasia in Barrett's esophagus, cardia and gastric antrum / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To compare the differences in mucin-histochemistry and etiology of Barrett's esophagus (BE) intestinal metaplasia (IM) , cardiac intestinal metaplasia (CIM) and gastric antrum intestinal metaplasia (GA-IM). Methods Alcian blue /periodic acid-schiff (AB/PAS) and high iron diamine / alcian blue (HID/AB) histochemical methods were used to classify IM in BE, cardia and gastric antrum, and IM were classified into three subtypes: complete small intestinal type (type Ⅰ ) , incomplete small intestinal type (type Ⅱ) and incomplete colonic type (type Ⅲ). Compared the prevalence of different subtypes of IM in above-mentioned sites, and investigated their relationships among the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. Results The prevalence of type Ⅲ IM in long-segment BE (LSBE) and short-segment BE (SSBE) is 75. 0% and 63. 3% respectively, it is significantly higher than that in CIM (23. 1% ) and GA-IM ( 17. 7% ) (P

Dieulafoy - like Lesions of Nontraditional Locations in Gastric Antrum and Jejunum / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Dieulafoy's lesion is a rare distinetive arterial malformation that can cause massive gastrointestinal henorrhage. Although in most cases the lesion is encountered in the proximal stomach within 6 cm of the gastroesophageal junction, similar lesions have been described in the antrum, duodenum, jejunum, colon, and rectum. We report 3 unusually located Dieulafoy-like lesion, two gastric antrum and one jejunum in patient who had gastrojejunostomy for pancreatic caneer. After a year follow up there was no bleeding episode in patient after endoscopic treatment.